Genital papillomatosis increases the risk of infection for both partners and complicates intimate life, and is often transmitted from woman to child during childbirth.
Causes
The main reason for the growth is HPV, which enters the body in different ways. It enters the cells of the squamous epithelium and remains in them for a long time without being known. The patient may not be aware of such an infection until the preconditions for its multiplication and the appearance of neoplasms are created. As immunity decreases, growths often appear on the body.
Experts identify factors that increase the risk of growths:
- frequent stress;
- nervousness, physical overload;
- avitaminosis;
- reduced immunity;
- patient age;
- too many sexual partners;
- smoking, alcohol abuse;
- long-term use of oral contraceptives.
The causes of papillomas can be hidden in endocrine disorders, pathologies of the digestive system and overweight. The incubation period lasts about a year and if the immune system works well, the infection may not manifest. HPV is often transmitted by contact with infected objects in everyday life, when common laundry cloths, razors and towels are used. Infection can occur through sexual intercourse or from a woman to a child during childbirth.
Reviews
Dermatologists distinguish several types of papillomas:
- Simple. The neoplasm looks like a cauliflower or rooster comb, whose surface resembles small papillae.
- Plantar. These accumulations cause mild discomfort.
- Stan. The site of localization of such neoplasms is the epithelium of the cervix. Flat papillomas look like flat nodules that itch.
- Filamentous. Such tumors are often found in patients older than 50, look like small nodules and do not cause the development of severe symptoms.
- Pointed. They resemble papillary formations, which are localized as separate elements and merge into whole groups. In any case, genital warts are caused by certain types of viruses that are transmitted during intercourse. The place of origin of genital warts is the intimate zone, groin, anus, perineum.
Angiopapilloma is an internal growth that arises from connective tissue. It attaches to vascular walls and can cause cancer.
Neoplasms on the visible parts of the body and in the intimate zone often cause psychological discomfort and problems in sexual activity. The formation of papillomas on the uterus can end in cancer.
Types
There are several types of HPV, taking into account the possible occurrence of cancerous lesions of the skin and internal organs.
Squamous
The appearance of papillomas is a consequence of the rapid growth of the squamous epithelium of the epidermis. In young people, this type of neoplasm can form on parts of the body that are too often injured.
Squamous cell papillomas are round tumors with a broad base and neoplasms with a thin stem. At the beginning of development they are motionless, painted in a light or brown tone. The constant trauma of such formations can cause their inflammation, cell mutation begins and their transformation into carcinogens. In the absence of effective treatment, there is a high risk of developing cancer.
Inverted
Reverse papillae very rarely appear on the body. The area of its appearance is the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Growth of neoplasms in the frontal and maxillary sinuses is possible.
A feature of the papilloma virus manifestation is a unilateral lesion. It is possible for the inverted growth to germinate in the bone, which ends in a lesion of the palate, skull bones, nasal sinuses and orbital walls.
Reverse large papilla causes nasal congestion, bleeding and runny nose. When the tumor grows to a large size, the skeleton of the face deforms and moves to the side of the affected organ of vision.
Localization
Skin papillomas can form on different parts of the body. Discomfort is caused by growths on the face, and when placed on the body, they are constantly insulted in contact with clothing.
Experts identify several places where papillomas appear:
- Obesity, armpits and lower abdomen with obesity. In the fairer sex, different types of neoplasms can be localized under the breasts.
- Neck, face, abdomen, back area. On the face, the area of the papilloma mainly becomes the area of the mouth, eyes, eyelids.
- Genitals. This area is often the site of genital warts.
- Internal organs. Neoplasms appear on the tissues of the intestine, stomach and bladder.
- feet. Warts on the spine often appear on this part of the body.
The place of occurrence of viral neoplasms can be the oral mucosa, bladder, mammary glands, internal genital organs.
Symptoms of education
When HPV is activated, different types of neoplasms appear on the skin. Their signs are similar to each other, but there are differences.
Warts
You can determine the formation of warts on the skin according to certain symptoms:
- tumor size does not exceed 1 cm;
- the nipple has clear external borders, inhomogeneous surface and density is felt on palpation;
- the color of the extension can be from light gray to black;
- the neoplasm has an irregular rounded shape.
The location of the growths are mostly open parts of the body, especially those that are constantly injured by something. Warts often appear on the hands, fingers, knees and head in the area of hair growth.
Papillomas
You can diagnose the growth yourself if you know what the body of the papilloma looks like. These are skin growths with a fairly thin stem or flat base. Virus infection mainly occurs in public places with high humidity. In such an environment it feels ideal and begins to multiply rapidly.
Patients need to know what papillomas look like on the body. The first sign of a tumor is a slight burning sensation, a mild burning sensation in the epidermis. After some time, neoplasms appear in this zone. Gradually they stretch and lengthen, their size increases to 1-1, 5 cm.
Often, papillomas on the skin form in elderly patients and begin to actively increase in size. The area where the growths are located is the chest, groin area and underarm area. They are colored in flesh or slightly yellowish. The presence of the virus in the female body significantly increases the risk of developing cervical cancer.
Warts
Genital warts occur under the influence of certain types of HPV, which enter the bloodstream exclusively through intercourse. Usually the area of the anus and external genitalia, rarely the oropharynx, becomes the focus of localization of the growth.
Warts are papillary growths that form on different parts of the body. The individual elements often merge with each other to form a tumor that looks like a rooster's comb.
Incubation period
The papilloma virus has a long incubation period that can last for years. This means that it is quite difficult to determine the moment when the infectious agent entered the body. The activity of the virus can increase under the influence of various factors that disrupt the functioning of the immune system.
Once in the body, the virus enters the nuclei of dermis cells and begins to multiply there. As the body's defenses decrease, small papillae that include several cells begin to appear on the surface of the skin. They grow slowly and can reach 10 cm.
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of papilloma begins with an examination of the patient by an immunologist or dermatologist. The anamnesis and symptoms of the patient are examined. Laboratory and instrumental studies help to discover the causes of neoplasms on the body.
The standard diagnostic program includes:
- general and biochemical blood test;
- PCR test;
- biopsy material.
Based on the results of the research, effective and safe methods of therapy are chosen.
Treatment
It is recommended to start treatment of papillomas immediately after their detection. The choice of method depends on the area of localization of neoplasms, the reasons for their appearance, the form of HPV. How to quickly cure papillomas can only be determined by an expert.
Cryocoagulation
With this method of therapy, neoplasms are removed with liquid nitrogen, due to which the water in the cells freezes and dies. Cryodestruction is performed only if the tumor is benign and has no cancer cells.
The procedure is considered painless, but if the skin is too sensitive, they resort to the introduction of novocaine. After the treatment of the skin with liquid nitrogen, they turn white and a small bubble is formed, inside which a transparent or pink liquid accumulates. When removing growths by freezing, unpleasant sensations in the form of a burning sensation may appear, but they gradually disappear. After cryodestruction, it is recommended to treat the epidermis with a solution of potassium permanganate or boric alcohol several times a day.
After a few days, the bladder bursts and a crust forms that protects the wound from infection. Over time, it disappears and healthy skin remains underneath.
Surgical method
Skin papilloma surgery is considered the most radical method of removal, but it is not used as often. Indications for surgery are large papillomas.
During the operation, the doctor cuts a small area of healthy tissue, which prevents the re-formation of growths. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and does not last longer than 10-15 minutes. The patient does not feel pain, and a suture is placed after the manipulation. The disadvantage of this method is considered to be a long period of wound healing, the formation of scars, scars on the body.
Laser removal
How the papilla will be treated is decided by the doctor after examining the patient. The most modern method of removing growths is considered to be laser treatment, before which an analysis is performed to exclude cancer cells. The area of the body where the papilloma is located is anesthetized with lidocaine. They then act on it with laser beams and completely remove it. When treated in this way, water evaporates in the damaged cells, they dry out and form a crust.
After a while the skin turns red, swells, but this reaction occurs after 2-3 days. The crust falls off after 5-7 days and a soft pink skin appears instead.
Chemical attack
The chemical effect on papillomas is considered to be an effective way to fight the pathology. Removal of genital warts is done with special preparations that contain organic acids.
With the help of applicators, they are applied to the surface of the formation and cauterized. Under the influence of chemicals, growth cells are destroyed and they disappear.
Drug treatment
Papilloma treatment includes:
- Pills. Infection with the virus occurs due to a decrease in immunity, so the action of drugs is aimed at increasing the body's defenses. The patient is prescribed to take vitamins, immunomodulators, antivirals.
- Preparations for local treatment. A good effect is the use of creams and ointments with antiviral action. Gels and creams that stimulate interferon production are selected for small tumors on the penis. To remove growths, the doctor prescribes solutions with cauterizing properties.
Only a doctor can determine whether to remove papillomas on different parts of the body.
Immunomodulators
How to treat multiple papillomas on the body depends on their size and area of localization. An integrated approach involves treatment with immunomodulators, whose action activates the body's natural defenses.
There are several types of HPV, so such drugs should be chosen by a specialist after immunological studies. In papillomas in women, it is recommended to pay special attention to natural immunomodulators that help restore immunity at the DNA level.
Self-wipe
Treating large papillomas at home can worsen a person's condition and cause the virus to spread throughout the body. The possibility of using means for self-removal of growths is determined by a dermatologist. This method of treatment is possible only in the absence of oncogenic factor and suspicion of malignant growth.
Self-treatment of benign neoplasms involves the use of topical ointments, medications prescribed by a physician.
Traditional methods of treatment
In addition to the treatment regimen chosen by the physician, alternative treatment methods are allowed. It is possible to stop the intensive growth of the papilloma and cause its destruction when smeared with the juice of celandine, dandelion or sour apple.
You can lubricate the neoplasm with fresh egg protein every day and wait for it to dry. After a while, the dry papillomas will fall off on their own. You can buy a special adhesive tape at the pharmacy, which sticks for a long time, and then the neoplasm is cleaned.
To eliminate the defect, it is recommended to cut a clove of garlic and rub it on the growth on the skin for several days in a row.
Treatment with home and folk remedies is a long process. For greater efficiency, it is recommended to combine it with taking drugs that have an antiviral effect.
Prophylaxis
Prevention of human papilloma virus is possible by maintaining physical hygiene, timely treatment of possible injuries to the epidermis and their healing. To prevent infection, you must use personal hygiene products.
Prevention of papilloma includes refusing occasional sexual intercourse, adhering to a healthy lifestyle and increasing immunity. The virus is capable of becoming a provoking factor in the formation of papillomas on the cervix and the development of cancer. Women should regularly visit a mammologist with a gynecologist, be sure to adhere to a proper diet. What to do if a papilloma is detected, it is advisable to ask your doctor and not self-medicate.